计算机代写|数值方法代写Numerical methods代考|Math231
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在数值分析中,数值方法是一种旨在解决数值问题的数学工具。在编程语言中,带有适当收敛检查的数值方法的实现被称为数值算法。
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我们提供的数值方法Numerical methods及其相关学科的代写,服务范围广, 其中包括但不限于:
- Statistical Inference 统计推断
- Statistical Computing 统计计算
- Advanced Probability Theory 高等概率论
- Advanced Mathematical Statistics 高等数理统计学
- (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
- Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
- Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
- Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

计算机代写|数值方法代写Numerical methods代考|Gas flaring
Gas flares known as the burning of gas are created through different stages of oil and gas exploration. It is a main source of concern in oil producing countries as it releases significant amount of greenhouse gases. There are research works on how to convert this process for energy generation (ref). However, in a few developing countries, these gases are burned in air, thereby polluting the atmosphere and increasing the temperature of the geographical location.
Gas flaring is also defined as hydrocarbon harvesting and the procedure of combusting gas from wells. In recent times, it is regarded as a major environmental issue, contributing to approximately 150 billion meter cube.
There are three types of flaring: emergency, process, and product flaring. Emergency flaring occurs during compression failure from valve breakage. Process flaring occurs during petrochemical processes, and product flaring occurs during exploration.
There are different causes of gas flaring:
i. Natural gas carried to the surface but cannot be used as it is burned as a means of disposal
ii. Result of oil extraction
iii. Inadequate structure to put gas for industrialization
iv. Excess gas and oils after extraction
v. To avoid explosions caused by simply bottling up huge quantities of gases, flaring is used.
The effects of gas flaring includes acid rain, air pollution, influencing climate change, and reduced agricultural practice. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are the main factors of acid rain, which also are combined with atmospheric moisture to produce sulfuric acid and nitric acid, respectively. Acidification of lakes, ponds, and rivers affects both the aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Acid rain also quickens the deterioration of construction materials and paints. Flaring of gas results in the release of impurities, toxic substances that are harmful to humans. $\mathrm{CO}_2$ is produced when gas is not completely burned, and it the most toxic substance to human health. Environmental implications of this gas flaring are severe because it is such an inefficient and poor use of potential fuel that pollutes air. The effects of gas flaring on climate change are significant as it is also a form of fossil fuels burning. The main component of gas flaring is carbon dioxide. By emitting $\mathrm{CO}_2$, the major greenhouse gas, gas flaring contributes to global warming. The second major gas which contributes to greenhouse effect is methane, which is released when gas is vented without being burned. Gas flaring has been seen to affect agriculture as its pollutants are released into the atmosphere like nitrogen, carbon, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, and hydrogen sulfide. These pollutants deplete soil nutrients by acidifying the soil. Given the immense heat generated as well as the $\mathrm{pH}$ acid characteristics of the soil, there would not be any vegetation in the areas of gas flares. Temperature changes have a different effect on crops, including stunted growth, scotched plants, and withered young crops. Gas flaring has also negatively impacted upon human health due to the inhalation of toxic gases which are emitted during unfinished gas flare combustion. These gases have been connected to negative health challenges including cancer, neurological problems, reproductive issues, developmental disorders, children’s abnormalities, lung damage, and skin issues. As seen from the above, there are lots of gray area in numerically modeling to nowcast or forecast gas flares (Fig. 2.6).
计算机代写|数值方法代写Numerical methods代考|Bioaerosol production as a source of air pollution
Bioaerosols are also known as biological aerosols. They are secondary divisions of particles that are gotten from land habitats and aquatic ecosystems into the climate. It involves living and nonliving things which include organisms, distributive methods of organisms, and their waste products. They are also be said to be minute particles that can be suspended in the air and are transferred or carried around by the wind to different places of the earth. This then implies that bioaerosol either comes from organisms that have life such as animals (i.e., pets) and trees or that are the organisms themselves (e.g., bacteria). Bioaerosol also consists of dead cells. Bioaerosol causes a lot of health effects. This means that, in general, they are harmful to the health of living beings as they come from things that stay around human life and can also be spread out through the air.
There are about four types of bioaerosols:
- Pollen
- Bacteria
- Virus
- Fungus
They are all harmful to health. Some of the types of bioaerosols are living and some are nonliving.
Bioaerosols can be ejected into the earth’s surface through clouds, dust plumes, and general distribution.
It was discovered that bioaerosol concentration or focus is high at confined spaces or places both indoor and outdoor. It is relatively higher in indoor environments than outdoor environments as outdoors usually have at least a little free space, unlike an indoor place where if it is enclosed there won’t be any form of breathing space.
Bioaerosol has its harmful effects on the lives of living things and they are listed as follows:
- Respiratory effects (lung infections)
- Transmittable or transferrable disease
- Cancer
Cancer is a disease caused by exposure to a toxic atmosphere such as being present in a place containing bioaerosol and inhaling oxygen which has already been infected by bioaerosol. Cancer can also be gotten when people are working in poultry industries. Animals have this bioaerosol and so when people work around them and do not protect themselves, they can get the bioaerosol from the animal urines, excreta, etc. which then leads to cancer (especially cancer of the skin).
Bioaerosols cause transmittable or transferrable diseases. Here, the diseases are transferred by bacteria or microorganisms that carry diseases but we are dealing with the ones that carry the bioaerosol. This type is said to be communicable because they are gotten by direct contact such as touching and licking, and they can also be gotten via indirect contact such as through coughing.

数值方法代考
计算机代写|数值方法代写Numerical methods代考|Gas flaring
被称为气体燃烧的气体火炬是通过石油和天然气勘探的不同阶段产生的。它是产油国关注的主要问题,因为它会释放大量温室气体。有关于如何将此过程转化为能量生成的研究工作(参考)。然而,在少数发展中国家,这些气体在空气中燃烧,从而污染大气并增加地理位置的温度。
气体燃烧也被定义为碳氢化合物的收集和从井中燃烧气体的过程。近年来,它被视为一个重大的环境问题,贡献了大约 1500 亿立方米的土地。
燃烧分为三种类型:紧急燃烧、过程燃烧和产品燃烧。紧急燃烧发生在阀门破裂导致的压缩失效期间。过程燃烧发生在石化过程中,产品燃烧发生在勘探过程中。
气体燃烧有不同的原因:
i.天然气被带到地表但不能使用,因为它被燃烧作为一种处置手段
ii。油提取的结果
iii。产业化供气结构不完善
iv.提取后的过量气体和油
v. 为了避免因简单地装瓶大量气体而引起的爆炸,使用了燃烧。
天然气燃烧的影响包括酸雨、空气污染、影响气候变化和减少农业耕作。二氧化硫和氮氧化物的排放是酸雨的主要因素,它们还与大气中的水分结合,分别产生硫酸和硝酸。湖泊、池塘和河流的酸化会影响水生和陆生生物。酸雨还会加速建筑材料和油漆的老化。气体的燃烧会导致杂质和对人体有害的有毒物质的释放。C欧2气体未完全燃烧时产生,是对人体健康毒性最大的物质。这种气体燃烧对环境的影响非常严重,因为潜在燃料的低效和低效使用会污染空气。天然气燃烧对气候变化的影响是显着的,因为它也是化石燃料燃烧的一种形式。气体燃烧的主要成分是二氧化碳。通过发射C欧2,主要的温室气体,气体燃烧导致全球变暖。导致温室效应的第二种主要气体是甲烷,当气体在没有燃烧的情况下被排放时会释放出来。人们认为天然气燃烧会影响农业,因为它的污染物会像氮气、碳、硫氧化物、颗粒物和硫化氢一样释放到大气中。这些污染物通过酸化土壤消耗土壤养分。鉴于产生的巨大热量以及pH由于土壤的酸性特征,气体燃烧区域不会有任何植被。温度变化对作物有不同的影响,包括生长发育迟缓、植物干枯和幼苗枯萎。由于吸入在未完成的气体火炬燃烧期间排放的有毒气体,气体燃烧也对人类健康产生负面影响。这些气体与负面健康挑战有关,包括癌症、神经系统问题、生殖问题、发育障碍、儿童异常、肺损伤和皮肤问题。从上面可以看出,在数值模拟中有很多灰色区域来进行临近预报或预报气体耀斑(图 2.6)。
计算机代写|数值方法代写Numerical methods代考|Bioaerosol production as a source of air pollution
生物气溶胶也称为生物气溶胶。它们是从陆地栖息地和水生生态系统进入气候的颗粒的二次分裂。它涉及生物和非生物,包括生物体、生物体的分布方式及其废物。它们也被认为是可以悬浮在空气中并被风转移或携带到地球不同地方的微小颗粒。这意味着生物气溶胶要么来自有生命的生物体,例如动物(即宠物)和树木,要么就是生物体本身(例如细菌)。生物气溶胶也由死细胞组成。生物气溶胶对健康有很多影响。这意味着,一般来说,
大约有四种类型的生物气溶胶:
- 花粉
- 细菌
- 病毒
- 真菌
它们都对健康有害。有些类型的生物气溶胶是有生命的,有些是无生命的。
生物气溶胶可以通过云、尘羽和一般分布喷射到地球表面。
人们发现,在密闭空间或室内和室外的地方,生物气溶胶浓度或焦点都很高。它在室内环境中比在室外环境中相对更高,因为室外通常至少有一点自由空间,不像室内,如果它是封闭的,就不会有任何形式的呼吸空间。
生物气溶胶对生物的生命具有有害影响,列举如下:
- 呼吸系统影响(肺部感染)
- 可传播或可转移的疾病
- 癌症
癌症是一种由于暴露于有毒气氛而引起的疾病,例如存在于含有生物气溶胶的地方并吸入已经被生物气溶胶感染的氧气。人们在家禽业工作时也可能患上癌症。动物身上有这种生物气溶胶,所以当人们在它们周围工作而不保护自己时,他们可以从动物的尿液、排泄物等中获取生物气溶胶,从而导致癌症(尤其是皮肤癌)。
生物气溶胶会导致可传播或可转移的疾病。在这里,疾病是由携带疾病的细菌或微生物传播的,但我们正在处理携带生物气溶胶的细菌或微生物。据说这种类型是可传染的,因为它们可以通过触摸和舔等直接接触感染,也可以通过咳嗽等间接接触感染。
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金融工程代写
金融工程是使用数学技术来解决金融问题。金融工程使用计算机科学、统计学、经济学和应用数学领域的工具和知识来解决当前的金融问题,以及设计新的和创新的金融产品。
非参数统计代写
非参数统计指的是一种统计方法,其中不假设数据来自于由少数参数决定的规定模型;这种模型的例子包括正态分布模型和线性回归模型。
广义线性模型代考
广义线性模型(GLM)归属统计学领域,是一种应用灵活的线性回归模型。该模型允许因变量的偏差分布有除了正态分布之外的其它分布。
术语 广义线性模型(GLM)通常是指给定连续和/或分类预测因素的连续响应变量的常规线性回归模型。它包括多元线性回归,以及方差分析和方差分析(仅含固定效应)。
有限元方法代写
有限元方法(FEM)是一种流行的方法,用于数值解决工程和数学建模中出现的微分方程。典型的问题领域包括结构分析、传热、流体流动、质量运输和电磁势等传统领域。
有限元是一种通用的数值方法,用于解决两个或三个空间变量的偏微分方程(即一些边界值问题)。为了解决一个问题,有限元将一个大系统细分为更小、更简单的部分,称为有限元。这是通过在空间维度上的特定空间离散化来实现的,它是通过构建对象的网格来实现的:用于求解的数值域,它有有限数量的点。边界值问题的有限元方法表述最终导致一个代数方程组。该方法在域上对未知函数进行逼近。[1] 然后将模拟这些有限元的简单方程组合成一个更大的方程系统,以模拟整个问题。然后,有限元通过变化微积分使相关的误差函数最小化来逼近一个解决方案。
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随机分析代写
随机微积分是数学的一个分支,对随机过程进行操作。它允许为随机过程的积分定义一个关于随机过程的一致的积分理论。这个领域是由日本数学家伊藤清在第二次世界大战期间创建并开始的。
时间序列分析代写
随机过程,是依赖于参数的一组随机变量的全体,参数通常是时间。 随机变量是随机现象的数量表现,其时间序列是一组按照时间发生先后顺序进行排列的数据点序列。通常一组时间序列的时间间隔为一恒定值(如1秒,5分钟,12小时,7天,1年),因此时间序列可以作为离散时间数据进行分析处理。研究时间序列数据的意义在于现实中,往往需要研究某个事物其随时间发展变化的规律。这就需要通过研究该事物过去发展的历史记录,以得到其自身发展的规律。
回归分析代写
多元回归分析渐进(Multiple Regression Analysis Asymptotics)属于计量经济学领域,主要是一种数学上的统计分析方法,可以分析复杂情况下各影响因素的数学关系,在自然科学、社会和经济学等多个领域内应用广泛。
MATLAB代写
MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中,其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括:数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发,包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统,其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题,尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题,而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问,这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展,得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中,它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域,MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要,工具箱允许您学习和应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数(M 文件)的综合集合,可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。