## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|ECE385

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering方面经验极为丰富，各种代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Transformation of the Independent Variable

We may also transform the real independent variable, $t$. Three cases are of paramount importance:

1. The transformation where $t$ is replaced by ‘at’ where $a$ is a real number. As an example, we may concentrate on two functions, $\sin (t)$ and $\sin (2 t)$. When we consider these two functions and look at a point $t_{0}$, then
$$\left.\sin (t)\right|{t=t{0}}=\left.\sin (2 t)\right|{t=t{0} / 2}$$
since then the arguments of two functions will be equal. In this equation, (2.2), the point $t_{0}$ is any point, therefore, whatever the value of the function $\sin (t)$ for any particular value of $t,\left(=t_{0}\right)$ will be the value of the function $\sin (2 t)$ at $t=t_{0} / 2$. This implies that if we graph the two functions, the second function will appear compressed by a factor of two. This is so since the value of $\sin (t)$ will be the same as $\sin [2 \times(t / 2)]$.

This is shown in Fig. 2.4. In general, if we consider the general real function $f(t)$ and another function $f(a t)$ where $a>0$, then the two values are identical for the two points
$t_{0}$ and $t_{0} / a$
If $a>1$ then
$$t_{0} / at_{0}$$ and the graph of $f(a t)$ is expanded when compared to that of $f(t)$. In the figure, compare $0<t<\pi$ in the $\sin (2 t)$ graph and $0<t<2 \pi$ in the $\sin (t)$ graph and one will notice the obvious compression.

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Energy and Power

We progress next to considering the energy and power in a signal. If a voltage $f(t)$ is applied to an $R(\Omega)$ resistor, then the power consumed at any instant of time would be
$$\frac{[f(t)]^{2}}{R}(\mathrm{~W})$$
and the total energy consumed by the $R(\Omega)$ resistor would be
$$\mathbb{E}{R}=\frac{1}{R} \int{-\infty}^{\infty}[f(t)]^{2} d t(\mathrm{~J})$$
Similarly, if $f(t)$ is a current signal, then the power consumed at any instant of time would be
$$R[f(t)]^{2}(\mathrm{~W})$$
and the total energy consumed would be
$$R \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}[f(t)]^{2} d t(\mathrm{~J})$$
To consider energy for all signals, and taking both definitions into account, we normalise the energy, and consider energy consumed by a $R=1(\Omega)$ resistor only.

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Transformation of the Independent Variable

1. 转型在哪里 $t$ 被 ‘at’ 取代 $a$ 是一个实数。例如，我们可以专注于两个功能， $\sin (t)$ 和 $\sin (2 t)$. 当我们考虑这两 个函数并看一点 $t_{0} ，$ 然后
$$\sin (t)|t=t 0=\sin (2 t)| t=t 0 / 2$$
从那时起，两个函数的参数将相等。在这个等式 (2.2) 中，点 $t_{0}$ 是任何点，因此，无论函数的值是多少 $\sin (t)$ 对于任何特定的价值 $t,\left(=t_{0}\right)$ 将是函数的值 $\sin (2 t)$ 在 $t=t_{0} / 2$. 这意味着如果我们绘制这两个函数，第二 个函数将被压缩两倍。之所以如此，是因为 $\sin (t)$ 将与 $\sin [2 \times(t / 2)]$.
如图 $2.4$ 所示。一般来说，如果我们考虑一般的实函数 $f(t)$ 和另一个功能 $f(a t)$ 在哪里 $a>0$, 那么这两个点的两
个值是相同的
$t_{0}$ 和 $t_{0} / a$
如果 $a>1$ 然后
$$t_{0} / a t_{0}$$
和图表 $f(a t)$ 与 $f(t)$. 图中，比较 $0<t<\pi$ 在里面 $\sin (2 t)$ 图表和 $0<t<2 \pi$ 在里面 $\sin (t)$ 图表，人们会注意到 明显的压缩。

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Energy and Power

$$\frac{[f(t)]^{2}}{R}(\mathrm{~W})$$

$$\mathbb{E} R=\frac{1}{R} \int-\infty^{\infty}[f(t)]^{2} d t(\mathrm{~J})$$

$$R[f(t)]^{2}(\mathrm{~W})$$

$$R \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}[f(t)]^{2} d t(\mathrm{~J})$$

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|CSE241

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering方面经验极为丰富，各种代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Analogue Communication, Digital Communication

Analog or analogue ${ }^{5}$ communication is the transmission and reception of continuoustime signals. A typical continuous-time signal, or analogue signal, is one which is defined for all values of time and a representative sample is shown in Fig. 1.6.
Examples of analogue communication are

1. The transmission of an audio signal for AM or FM radio,
2. The transmission of audio and video signals for television and
3. Transmission of voice through telephone wires prior to the present digital revolution ( $c$ 1960).
On the other hand, examples of digital transmission are
4. Transmission of signals over the Internet,
5. Information sent over a LAN and
6. Mobile communication.
In the ycars from 1910 up to 1960 , most communication was of the analoguc varicty. Three types of communication systems were in use: radio, television and telephone. Radio and television used the atmosphere above the ground as the communication channel while telephone used wires and the mode was analogue communication in all three. Today, telephone communication is mainly digital but radio and TV are still analogue. We expect developments in the future whereby all communication is heading towards a digital revolution. For example, better communication performance occurs when we use digital systems in television as in the case of HDTV.
7. Therefore, the natural question which arises is that why study analogue communication at all? The real answer to this question is that all digital systems in the most essential sense are analogue in nature, and the design of these systems is buried in analogue communication theory. Consequently, if we do not study analogue communication, then our understanding of digital communication would be incomplete.
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of analogue communication? The fact of the matter is that analogue communication is very simple in its essentials and very inexpensive to implement, though some parts of the design may be complicated. But although analogue systems are less expensive in many cases than digital ones for the same application, digital systems offer better performance and overall greater flexibility. But the greatest advantage of digital communication is the immunity from noise. Digital communication, through complex hardware design, can virtually overcome the problem of noise cluttering the signal.

With the increased speed of digital hardware, the development of increasingly efficient theory of digital communication and the ability to form a good communication infrastructure, digital communication is indeed now the best choice for many situations.

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Signal Transformations

When we study engineering communication, a great deal of manipulation of signals have to be performed. With this in mind, we need to understand the transformation of signals, both of the dependent variable and independent variable. We take a look at these two types of transformations.

If we consider a real signal $y(t)$, which is a function of time, then $y$ is the dependant variable and $t$ is the independent variable. Generally, the independent variable is on the $\mathrm{x}$-axis while the dependent variable is on the $\mathrm{y}$-axis. The independent variable values may be chosen in an independent manner, while the ones for the dependent variable are obtained from the independent variable according to a rule. (i.e. the function $y(t))$.
We will be considering two types of transformations:

1. Transformations of the dependent variable.
2. Transformations of the independent variable.

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Analogue Communication, Digital Communication

1. 为 AM 或 FM 收音机传输音频信号，
2. 用于电视和视频的音频和视频信号的传输
3. 在当前数字革命之前通过电话线传输语音（C1960）。
另一方面，数字传输的例子是
4. 通过互联网传输信号，
5. 通过 LAN 发送的信息和
6. 移动通讯。
在 1910 年到 1960 年的汽车中，大多数通信都是类比的。使用了三种类型的通信系统：无线电、电视和电话。广播电视使用地面大气作为通信渠道，电话使用有线，三者均采用模拟通信方式。今天，电话通信主要是数字的，但广播和电视仍然是模拟的。我们期待未来的发展，所有通信都将走向数字革命。例如，当我们在电视中使用数字系统（如 HDTV）时，会产生更好的通信性能。
7. 因此，自然产生的问题是，为什么要研究模拟通信？这个问题的真正答案是，所有最基本意义上的数字系统本质上都是模拟的，而这些系统的设计隐藏在模拟通信理论中。因此，如果我们不研究模拟通信，那么我们对数字通信的理解将是不完整的。
8. 模拟通信的优缺点是什么？事实是，模拟通信的基本要素非常简单，实现起来非常便宜，尽管设计的某些部分可能很复杂。但是，尽管在许多情况下，对于相同的应用，模拟系统比数字系统更便宜，但数字系统提供了更好的性能和总体上更大的灵活性。但数字通信的最大优势是不受噪声影响。数字通信通过复杂的硬件设计，几乎可以克服噪声干扰信号的问题。

1. 因变量的变换。
2. 自变量的变换。

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|EE273

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering方面经验极为丰富，各种代写电子系统工程Systems Engineering相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Analogue Communication: Signals, Systems and Modulation

Communication starts with a signal. ${ }^{3}$ The simplest method of communication is visual-the policeman standing at an intersection directing traffic with signals. Another level of communication-using technology-is the concept of signals sent via Morse code over telegraph lines and received at a distant post office. This method was very popular during the 1800 s and sending a telegram was the only way to quickly send information over long distances. In the modern context, the signal in electronic communication has come to mean in particular an electrical, information- bearing signal, and the information content is voice, images or text.

The simplest signal is mathematically represented by a function of time which, for example, may be a time-varying message (like a sound signal) converted to a time-varying electrical voltage. Such an electrical signal may be represented by $x(t)$ (or $m(t)$, when we talk about a message signal). If the concept of a signal is not clear here, it will become clearer as you proceed in reading this text.

In an engineering communication system, it is important to note the following steps to convert raw information to the final signal which is made ready for communication, and after the communication process is over, to reconvert the signal back to the raw information:

1. The raw data or information which we want to transmit-which is generally analogue in nature. Most naturally occurring signals are analogue, like the diurnal temperature or $\mathrm{ECG}, \mathrm{EEG}$ or voice.
2. Conversion of the raw information to electrical signals:
(a) Conversion of the data into electrical signals, perhaps by use of a transducer. The resulting signal we call $m(t)$ for analogue communication.
(b) Conversion from $m(t)$ to $m[n]$ for digital communication.
3. Processing $m(t)$ (or $m[n]$ ) by a communication system so that it may be conveniently transmitted over a channel such as
(a) space or
(b) electrical wires or
(c) a fibre optic cable or
(d) any other medium.

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|A Typical Communication System

A communication system, in the more modern sense of the term, consists of four different blocks: a transmitter, a receiver, a channel and a source of noise. This is shown in Fig. 1.4. In this book, communication essentially will mean to be electrical communication.

If we take a look at the individual parts of a communication system, then we find that the transmitter consists of a source of information and a converter which converts the raw information into suitable electrical signals. Examples of the source of information are
(a) an audio signal,
(b) pixel values in an image and
(c) characters such as ‘ $a$ ‘, ‘ $\%$ ‘ and ‘ $L$ ‘.
These sources of information are important in that in the first case, a speech message or music may comprise the audio signal. In the second case, one may want to send a digital photograph to a friend so the individual pixels constitute the information, and so on.

The channel is the medium used for communication. The importance of the channel is that the channel properties must be such that the channel must be a ‘good’ medium to convey electrical signals and must not impede the progress of the signal which is transmitted in any manner. Examples of the channel are
(a) air,
(b) an optical cable and
(c) a coaxial line.
Each of these channels of communication has its own advantages and disadvantages.

The third block of a communication channel is the source of noise. In any communication system, noise ‘smears’ the signal in transit. Sources of noise are all those electrical sources which tend to confuse the signal being transmitted through the channel. An example of electrical noise is shown in $\mathrm{Fig}_{.} .5 .$

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|Analogue Communication: Signals, Systems and Modulation

1. 我们想要传输的原始数据或信息通常是模拟的。大多数自然发生的信号都是模拟信号，如昼夜温度或和CG,和和G或声音。
2. 将原始信息转换为电信号：
(a) 将数据转换为电信号，可能使用换能器。我们称之为结果信号米(吨)用于模拟通信。
(b) 从米(吨)至米[n]用于数字通信。
3. 加工米(吨)（或者米[n]) 通过通信系统，以便可以方便地通过诸如
(a) 空间或
(b) 电线或
(c) 光缆或
(d) 任何其他介质的通道传输。

## 电子工程代写|电子系统工程代写Digital Systems Engineering代考|A Typical Communication System

(a) 音频信号，
(b) 图像中的像素值和
(c) 字符，例如“一个 ‘, ‘ %’ 和 ‘大号’。

(a) 空气、
(b) 光缆和
(c) 同轴线。

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。