## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|SEC595

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面经验极为丰富，各种代写机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Modeling Basics

A model is a simplified description, using mathematical tools, of the processes we think that give rise to the observations in a set of data. A model is deterministic if it explains (completely) the dependent variables based on the independent ones. In many real-world scenarios, this is not possible. Instead, statistical (or stochastic) models try to approximate exact solutions by evaluating probabilistic distributions. For this reason, a statistical model is expressed by an equation composed of a systematic (deterministic) and a random part (Stroup 2012) as given in the next equation:
$$y_i=f\left(x_i\right)+\epsilon_i \text {, for } i=1,2, \ldots, n,$$
where $y_i$ represents the response variable in individual $i$ and $f\left(\boldsymbol{x}i\right)$ is the systematic part of the model because it is determined by the explanatory variables (predictors). For these reasons, the systematic part of the statistical learning model is also called the deterministic part of the model, which gives rise to an unknown mathematical function $(f)$ of $\boldsymbol{x}_i=x{i 1}, \ldots, x_{i p}$ not subject to random variability. $\epsilon_i$ is the $i$ th random element (error term) which is independent of $\boldsymbol{x}_i$ and has mean zero. The $\epsilon_i$ term tells us that observations are assumed to vary at random about their mean, and it also defines the uniqueness of each individual. In theory (at least in some philosophical domains), if we know the mechanism that gives rise to the uniqueness of each individual, we can write a completely deterministic model. However, this is rarely possible because we use probability distributions to characterize the observations measured in the individuals. Most of the time, the error term $\left(\epsilon_i\right)$ is assumed to follow a normal distribution with mean zero and variance $\sigma^2$ (Stroup 2012).

As given in Eq. (1.1), the $f$ function that gives rise to the systematic part of a statistical learning model is not restricted to a unique input variable, but can be a function of many, or even thousands. of input variables. In general, the set of approaches for estimating $f$ is called statistical learning (James et al. 2013). Also, the functions that $f$ can take are very broad due to the huge variety of phenomena we want to predict and due to the fact that there is no universally superior $f$ that can be used for all processes. For this reason, to be able to perform good predictions out of sample data, many times we need to fit many models and then choose the one most likely to succeed with the help of cross-validation techniques. However, due to the fact that models are only a simplified picture of the true complex process that gives rise to the data at hand, many times it is very hard to find a good candidate model. For this reason, statistical machine learning provides a catalog of different models and algorithms from which we try to find the one that best fits our data, since there is no universally best model and because there is evidence that a set of assumptions that works well in one domain may work poorly in another-this is called the no free lunch theorem by Wolpert (1996). All these are in agreement with the famous aphorism, “all models are wrong, but some are useful,” attributed to the British statistician George Box (October 18, 1919-March 28, 2013) who first mentioned this aphorism in his paper “Science and Statistics” published in the Journal of the American Statistical Association (Box 1976). As a result of the no free lunch theorem, we need to evaluate many models, algorithms, and sets of hyperparameters to find the best model in terms of prediction performance, speed of implementation, and degree of complexity. This book is concerned precisely with the appropriate combination of data, models, and algorithms needed to reach the best possible prediction performance.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|The Two Cultures of Model Building: Prediction Versus Inference

The term “two cultures” in statistical model building was coined by Breiman (2001) to explain the difference between the two goals for estimating $f$ in Eq. (1.1): prediction and inference. These definitions are provided in order to clarify the distinct scientific goals that follow inference and empirical predictions, respectively. A clear understanding and distinction between these two approaches is essential for the progress of scientific knowledge. Inference and predictive modeling reflect the process of using data and statistical (or data mining) methods for inferring or predicting, respectively. The term modeling is intentionally chosen over model to highlight the entire process involved, from goal definition, study design, and data collection to scientific use (Breiman 2001).
Prediction
The prediction approach can be defined as the process of applying a statistical machine learning model or algorithm to data for the purpose of predicting new or future observations. For example, in plant breeding a set of inputs (marker information) and the outcome $\mathrm{Y}$ (disease resistance: yes or no) are available for some individuals, but for others only marker information is available. In this case, marker information can be used as a predictor and the disease status should be used as the response variable. When scientists are interested in predicting new plants not used to train the model, they simply want an accurate model to predict the response using the predictors. However, when scientists are interested in understanding the relationship between each individual predictor (marker) and the response variable, what they really want is a model for inference. Another example is when forest scientists are interested in developing models to predict the number of fire hotspots from an accumulated fuel dryness index, by vegetation type and region. In this context, it is obvious that scientists are interested in future predictions to improve decisionmaking in forest fire management. Another example is when an agro-industrial engineer is interested in developing an automated system for classifying mango species based on hundreds of mango images taken with digital cameras, mobile phones, etc. Here again it is clear that the best approach to build this system should be based on prediction modeling since the objective is the prediction of new mango species, not any of those used for training the model.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写统计与机器学习代考|建模基础

$$y_i=f\left(x_i\right)+\epsilon_i \text {, for } i=1,2, \ldots, n,$$
，其中$y_i$表示个体$i$中的响应变量，而$f\left(\boldsymbol{x}i\right)$是模型的系统部分，因为它是由解释变量(预测器)决定的。由于这些原因，统计学习模型的系统部分也被称为模型的确定性部分，它产生了不受随机可变性影响的未知数学函数$(f)$或$\boldsymbol{x}i=x{i 1}, \ldots, x{i p}$。$\epsilon_i$是$i$的第一个随机元素(误差项)，它独立于$\boldsymbol{x}_i$，其均值为零。$\epsilon_i$这个术语告诉我们，观察结果的平均值是随机变化的，它还定义了每个个体的唯一性。在理论上(至少在某些哲学领域)，如果我们知道导致每个个体独特性的机制，我们就可以编写一个完全确定的模型。然而，这几乎是不可能的，因为我们使用概率分布来描述在个体中测量到的观察。大多数情况下，误差项$\left(\epsilon_i\right)$被假设遵循均值为零和方差为$\sigma^2$的正态分布(Stroup 2012)

.

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|MATH4432

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面经验极为丰富，各种代写机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Concepts of Genomic Selection

The development of different molecular marker systems that started in the $1980 \mathrm{~s}$ drastically increased the total number of polymorphic markers available to breeders and molecular biologists in general. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that has been intensively used in QTL discovery is perhaps the most popular highthroughput genotyping system (Crossa et al. 2017). Initially, by applying markerassisted selection (MAS), molecular markers were integrated with traditional phenotypic selection. In the context of simple traits, MAS consists of selecting individuals with QTL-associated markers with major effects; markers not significantly associated with a trait are not used (Crossa et al. 2017). However, after many attempts to improve complex quantitative traits by using QTL-associated markers, there is not enough evidence that this method really can be helpful in practical breeding programs due to the difficulty of finding the same $\mathrm{QTL}$ across multiple environments (due to QTL $\times$ environment interaction) or in different genetic backgrounds (Bernardo 2016). Due to this difficulty of the MAS approach, in the early 2000 s, an approach called association mapping appeared with the purpose of overcoming the insufficient power of linkage analysis, thus facilitating the detection of marker-trait associations in non-biparental populations and fine-mapping chromosome segments with high recombination rates (Crossa et al. 2017). However, even the fine-mapping approach was unable to increase the power to detect rare variants that may be associated with economically important traits.

For this reason, Meuwissen et al. (2001) proposed the GS methodology (that was initially used in animal science), which is different from association mapping and QTL analysis, since GS simultaneously uses all the molecular markers available in a training data set for building a prediction model; then, with the output of the trained model, predictions are performed for new candidate individuals not included in the training data set, but only if genotypic information is available for those candidate individuals. This means that the goal of $\mathrm{GS}$ is to predict breeding and/or genetic values. Because GS is implemented in a two-stage process, to successfully implement it, the data must be divided into a training (TRN) and a testing (TST) set, as can be observed in Fig. 1.1. The training set is used in the first stage, while the testing set is used in the second stage. The main characteristics of the training set are (a) it combines molecular (independent variables) and phenotypic (dependent variables) data and (b) it contains enough observations (lines) and predictors (molecular data) to he able to train a statistical machine learning model with high generalized power (able to predict data not used in the training process) to predict new lines. The main characteristic of the testing set is that it only contains genotypic data (markers) for a sample of observations (lines) and the goal is to predict the phenotypic or breeding values of lines that have been genotyped but not phenotyped.

The two basic populations in a GS program are shown in Fig. 1.1: the training (TRN) data whose genotype and phenotype are known and the testing (TST) data whose phenotypic values are to be predicted using their genotypic information. GS substitutes phenotyping for a few selection cycles. Some advantages of GS over traditional (phenotypic) selection are that it: (a) reduces costs, in part by saving the resources required for extensive phenotyping, (b) saves time needed for variety development by reducing the cycle length, (c) has the ability to substantially increase the selection intensity, thus providing scenarios for capturing greater gain per unit time, (d) makes it possible to select traits that are very difficult to measure, and (e) can improve the accuracy of the selection process. Of course, successful implementation of GS depends strongly on the quality of the training and testing sets.
GS has great potential for quickly improving complex traits with low heritability, as well as significantly reducing the cost of line and hybrid development. Certainly, GS could also be employed for simple traits with higher heritability than complex traits, and high genomic prediction (GP) accuracy is expected.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Why Is Statistical Machine Learning a Key Element of Genomic Selection?

GS is challenging and very interesting because it aims to improve crop productivity to satisfy humankind’s need for food. Addressing the current challenges to increase crop productivity by improving the genetic makeup of plants and avoiding plant diseases is not new, but it is of paramount importance today to be able to increase crop productivity around the world without the need to increase the arable land. Statistical machine learning methods can help improve GS methodology, since they are able to make computers learn patterns that could be used for analysis, interpretation, prediction, and decision-making. These methods learn the relationships between the predictors and the target output using statistical and mathematical models that are implemented using computational tools to be able to predict (or explain) one or more dependent variables based on one or more independent variables in an efficient manner. However, to do this successfully, many real-world problems are only approximated using the statistical machine learning tools, by evaluating probabilistic distributions, and the decisions made using these models are supported by indicators like confidence intervals. However, the creation of models using probability distributions and indicators for evaluating prediction (or association) performance is a field of statistical machine learning, which is a branch of artificial intelligence, understanding as statistical machine learning the application of statistical methods to identify patterns in data using computers, but giving computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed (Samuel 1959). However, artificial intelligence is the field of science that creates machines or devices that can mimic intelligent behaviors.

As mentioned above, statistical machine learning allows learning the relationship between two types of information that are assumed to be related. Then one part of the information (input or independent variables) can be used to predict the information lacking (output or dependent variables) in the other using the learned relationship. The information we want to predict is defined as the response variable $(y)$, while the information we use as input are the predictor variables $(\boldsymbol{X})$. Thanks to the continuous reduction in the cost of genotyping, GS nowadays is implemented in many crops around the world, which has caused the accumulation of large amounts of biological data that can be used for prediction of non-phenotyped plants and animals. However, GS implementation is still challenging, since the quality of the data (phenotypic and genotypic) needs to be improved. Many times the genotypic information available is not enough to make high-quality predictions of the target trait, since the information available has a lot of noise. Also, since there is no universal best prediction model that can be used under all circumstances, a good understanding of statistical machine learning models is required to increase the efficiency of the selection process of the best candidate individuals with GS early in time. This is very important because one of the key components of genomic selection is the use of statistical machine learning models for the prediction of non-phenotyped individuals. For this reason, statistical machine learning tools have the power to help increase the potential of GS if more powerful statistical machine learning methods are developed, if the existing methods can deal with larger data sets, and if these methods can be automatized to perform the prediction process with only a limited knowledge of the subject.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写统计和机器学习代考|基因组选择的概念

GS程序中的两个基本种群如图1.1所示:已知基因型和表型的训练(TRN)数据和使用基因型信息预测表型值的测试(TST)数据。GS代替了表型的几个选择周期。GS相对于传统(表型)选择的一些优势是:(a)降低成本，部分是通过节省大量表型分型所需的资源，(b)通过减少周期长度节省品种开发所需的时间，(c)有能力大幅增加选择强度，从而提供在单位时间内获得更大增益的场景，(d)使选择非常难以测量的性状成为可能，(e)可以提高选择过程的准确性。当然，GS的成功实施很大程度上取决于训练和测试集的质量。
GS在快速改良遗传力低的复杂性状以及显著降低品系和杂交种育种成本方面具有巨大潜力。当然，对于遗传力比复杂性状更高的简单性状，也可以采用GS方法进行遗传预测，从而获得较高的基因组预测精度。

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写统计和机器学习代考|为什么统计机器学习是基因组选择的关键因素?

GS是具有挑战性和非常有趣的，因为它旨在提高作物生产力，以满足人类对食物的需求。通过改善植物的基因组成和避免植物病害来应对目前的挑战，以提高作物生产力，这并不新鲜，但今天能够在不需要增加耕地的情况下提高世界各地的作物生产力是至关重要的。统计机器学习方法可以帮助改进GS方法，因为它们能够使计算机学习可以用于分析、解释、预测和决策的模式。这些方法使用使用计算工具实现的统计和数学模型来学习预测器和目标输出之间的关系，从而能够基于一个或多个自变量以有效的方式预测(或解释)一个或多个因变量。然而，要成功做到这一点，许多现实世界的问题只能使用统计机器学习工具，通过评估概率分布来近似求解，使用这些模型做出的决策由诸如置信区间等指标支持。然而，使用概率分布和指标来评估预测(或关联)性能的模型的创建是统计机器学习的一个领域，它是人工智能的一个分支，将统计机器学习理解为使用计算机识别数据模式的统计方法的应用，但赋予计算机无需明确编程的学习能力(Samuel 1959)。然而，人工智能是一门创造能够模仿智能行为的机器或设备的科学领域

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|MATH251

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面经验极为丰富，各种代写机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Data as a Powerful Weapon

Thanks to advances in digital technologies like electronic devices and networks, it is possible to automatize and digitalize many jobs, processes, and services, which are generating huge quantities of data. These “big data” are transmitted, collected, aggregated, and analyzed to deliver deep insights into processes and human behavior. For this reason, data are called the new oil, since “data are to this century what oil was for the last century”-that is, a driver for change, growth, and success. While statistical and machine learning algorithms extract information from raw data, information can be used to create knowledge, knowledge leads to understanding, and understanding leads to wisdom (Sejnowski 2018). We have the tools and expertise to collect data from diverse sources and in any format, which is the cornerstone of a modern data strategy that can unleash the power of artificial intelligence. Every single day we are creating around $2.5$ quintillion bytes of data (McKinsey Global Institute 2016). This means that almost $90 \%$ of the data in the world has been generated over the last 2 years. This unprecedented capacity to generate data has increased connectivity and global data flows through numerous sources like tweets, YouTube, blogs, sensors, internet, Google, emails, pictures, etc. For example, Google processes more than 40,000 searches every second (and $3.5$ billion searches per day), 456,000 tweets are sent, and 4,146,600 YouTube videos are watched per minute, and every minute, 154,200 Skype calls are made, 156 million emails are sent, 16 million text messages are written, etc. In other words, the amount of data is becoming bigger and bigger (big data) day by day in terms of volume, velocity, variety, veracity, and “value.”

The nature of international trade is being radically transformed by global data flows, which are creating new opportunities for businesses to participate in the global economy. The following are some ways that these data flows are transforming international trade: (a) businesses can use the internet (i.e., digital platforms) to export goods; (b) services can be purchased and consumed online; (c) data collection and analysis are allowing new services (often also provided online) to add value to exported goods; and (d) global data flows underpin global value chains, creating new opportunities for participation.

According to estimates, by $2020,15-20 \%$ of the gross domestic product (GDP) of countries all over the world will be based on data flows. Companies that adopt big data practices are expected to increase their productivity by 5-10\% compared to companies that do not, and big data practices could add $1.9 \%$ to Europe’s GDP between 2014 and 2020. According to McKinsey Global Institute (2016) estimates, big data could generate an additional \$3 trillion in value every year in some industries. Of this, \$1.3 trillion would benefit the United States. Although these benefits do not directly affect the GDP or people’s personal income, they indirectly help to improve the quality of life.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Genomic Selection

Plant breeding is a key scientific area for increasing the food production required to feed the people of our planet. The key step in plant breeding is selection, and conventional breeding is based on phenotypic selection. Breeders choose good offspring using their experience and the observed phenotypes of crops, so as to achieve genetic improvement of target traits (Wang et al. 2018). Thanks to this area (and related areas of science), the genetic gain nowadays has reached a near-linear increase of $1 \%$ in grain yield yearly (Oury et al. 2012; Fischer et al. 2014). However, a linear increase of at least $2 \%$ is needed to cope with the $2 \%$ yearly increase in the world population, which relies heavily on wheat products as a source of food (FAO 2011). For this reason, genomic selection (GS) is now being implemented in many plant breeding programs around the world. GS consists of genotyping (markers) and phenotyping individuals in the reference (training) population and, with the help of statistical machine learning models, predicting the phenotypes or breeding values of the candidates for selection in the testing (evaluation) population that were only genotyped. GS is revolutionizing plant breeding because it is not limited to traits determined by a few major genes and allows using a statistical machine learning model to establish the associations between markers and phenotypes and also to make predictions of non-phenotyped individuals that help make a more comprehensive and reeliable selection of candidatee individuals. In this way, it is esssential for accelerating genetic progress in crop breeding (Montesinos-López et al. 2019).

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|ECE6254

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面经验极为丰富，各种代写机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Hard and Soft Skills

Hard skills include mathematics, statistics, computer science, data analysis, programming, etc. On the other side, there are a lot of soft skills essential to performing data science tasks such as problem-solving, communication, curiosity, innovation, storytelling, and so on. It is very hard to find people with both skill sets. Many job search sites point out that there is a reasonable increase in demand for data scientists every year. With substantial inexpensive data storage and increasingly stronger computational power, data scientists have more capacity to fit models that influence business decisions and change the course of tactical and strategical actions. As companies become more data driven, data scientists become more valuable. There is a clear trend that every piece of the business is becoming driven by data analysis and analytical models.

To be effective and valuable in this new evolving scenario, data scientists must have both hard and soft skills. Again, it is quite difficult to find professionals with both hard and soft skills, so collaboration as a team is a very tangible solution. It is critical that data scientists partner with business departments to combine hard and soft skills in seeking the best analytical solution possible.

For example, in fraud detection, it is almost mandatory that data scientists collaborate with the fraud analysts and investigators to get their perspective and knowledge in business scenarios where fraud is most prevalent. In this way, they can derive analytical solutions that address feasible solutions in production, usually in a transactional and near real-time perspective.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Explore the Data

The third step is to explore the data and evaluate the quality and appropriateness of the information available. This step involves a lot of work with the data. Data analysis, cardinality analysis, data distribution, multivariate analysis, and some data quality analyses-all these tasks are important to verify if all the data needed to develop the model are available, and if they are available in the correct format. For example, in data warehouses, data marts, or data lakes, customer data is stored in multiple occurrences over time, which means that there are multiple records of the same customers in the data set. For analytical models, each customer must be a unique observation in the data set. Therefore, all historical information should be transposed from rows to columns in the analytical table.
Some of the questions for this phase are:

• What anomalies or patterns are noticeable in the data sets?
• Are there too many variables to create the model?
• Are there too few variables to create the model?
• Are data transformations required to adjust the input data for the model training, like imputation, replacement, transformation, and so on?
• Are tasks assigned to create new inputs?
• Are tasks assigned to reduce the number of inputs?
In some projects, data scientists might have thousands of input variables, which is far too many to model in an appropriate way. A variable selection approach should be used to select the relevant features. When there are too few variables to create the model, the data scientist needs to create model predictors from the original input set. Data scientists might also have several input variables with missing values that need to be replaced with reasonable values. Some models require this step, some do not. But even the models that do not require this step might benefit from an imputation process. Sometimes an important input is skewed, and the distribution needs to be adjusted. All these steps can affect the model’s performance and accuracy at the end of the process.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写统计和机器学习代考|探索数据

• 数据集中有哪些异常或模式值得注意?是否有太多的变量来创建模型?
• 创建模型的变量是否太少?
• 是否需要数据转换来调整模型训练的输入数据，如imputation、replacement、transform等?
• 是否分配了创建新输入的任务?
• 是否分配了减少输入数量的任务?在某些项目中，数据科学家可能有数千个输入变量，这太多了，无法以适当的方式建模。应该使用变量选择方法来选择相关的特性。当创建模型的变量太少时，数据科学家需要从原始输入集中创建模型预测器。数据科学家还可能有几个输入变量缺少值，需要用合理的值替换它们。有些模型需要这一步，有些不需要。但即使是不需要这一步的模型也可能从归责过程中受益。有时一个重要的输入是倾斜的，分布需要调整。

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|ECE414

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面经验极为丰富，各种代写机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Domain Knowledge

Data scientists need to have strong mathematics and statistics skills to understand the data available, prepare the data needed to train a model, deploy multiple approaches in training and validating the analytical model, assess the model’s results, and finally explain and interpret the model’s outcomes. For example, data scientists need to understand the problem, explain the variability of the target, and conduct controlled tests to evaluate the effect of the values of parameters on the variation of the target values.
Data scientists need mathematics and statistical skills to summarize data to describe past events (known as descriptive statistics). These skills are needed to take the results of a sample and generalize them to a larger population (known as inferential statistics). Data scientists also need these skills to fit models where the response variable is known, and based on that, train a model to classify, predict, or estimate future outcomes (known as supervised modeling). These predictive modeling skills are some of the most widely used skills in data science.

Mathematics and statistics are needed when the business conditions don’t require a specific event, and there is no past behavior to drive the training of a supervised model. The learning process is based on discovering previously unknown patterns in the data set (known as unsupervised modeling). There is no target variable and the main goal is to raise some insights to help companies understand customers and business scenarios.
Data scientists need mathematics and statistics in the field of optimization. This refers to models aiming to find an optimal solution for a problem when constraints and resources exist. An objective function describes the possible solution, which involves the use of limited resources according to some constraints. Mathematics and statistics are also needed in the field of forecasting that is comprised of models to estimate future values in time series data. Based on past values over time, sales, or consumption, it is possible to estimate the future values according to the past behavior. Finally, mathematics and statistics are needed in the field of econometrics that applies statistical models to economic data, usually panel data or longitudinal data, to highlight empirical outcomes to economic relationships. These models are used to evaluate and develop econometric methods.
Mathematics and statistics are needed in the field of text mining. This is a very important field of analytics, particularly nowadays, because most of the data available is unstructured. Imagine all the social media applications, media content, books, articles, and news. There is a huge amount of information in unstructured, formatted data. Analyzing this type of data allows data scientists to infer correlations about topics, identify possible clusters of contents, search specific terms, and much more. Recognizing the sentiments of customers through text data on social media is a very hot topic called sentiment analysis.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Communication and Visualization

One more key skill is essential to analyze and disseminate the results achieved by data science. At the end of the process, data scientists need to communicate the results. This communication can involve visualizations to explain and interpret the models. A picture is worth a thousand words. Results can be used to create marketing campaigns, offer insights into customer behavior, lead to business decisions and actions, improve processes, avoid fraud, and reduce risk, among many others.
Once the model’s results are created, data scientists communicate how the results can be used to improve the operational process with the business side of the company. It is important to provide insights to the decision makers so that they can better address the business problems for which the

model was developed. Every piece of the model’s results needs to be assigned to a possible business action. Business departments must understand possible solutions in terms of the model’s outcomes and data scientists can fill that gap.

Data scientists use visual presentation expertise and story-telling capabilities to create an exciting and appealing story about how the model’s results can be applied to business problems. Data analysis and data visualization sometime suffice. Analyzing the data can help data scientists to understand the problem and the possible solutions but also help to drive straightforward solutions with dashboards and advanced reports. In telecommunications, for example, a drop in services consumption can be associated with an engineering problem rather than a churn behavior. In this case, a deep data analysis can drive the solution rather than a model development to predict churn. This could be a very isolated problem that does not demand a model but instead a very specific business action.

.

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|SEC595

statistics-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写统计与机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning方面经验极为丰富，各种代写机器学习Statistical and Machine Learning相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Mathematics and Statistics

Data scientists need to have strong mathematics and statistics skills to understand the data available, prepare the data needed to train a model, deploy multiple approaches in training and validating the analytical model, assess the model’s results, and finally explain and interpret the model’s outcomes. For example, data scientists need to understand the problem, explain the variability of the target, and conduct controlled tests to evaluate the effect of the values of parameters on the variation of the target values.
Data scientists need mathematics and statistical skills to summarize data to describe past events (known as descriptive statistics). These skills are needed to take the results of a sample and generalize them to a larger population (known as inferential statistics). Data scientists also need these skills to fit models where the response variable is known, and based on that, train a model to classify, predict, or estimate future outcomes (known as supervised modeling). These predictive modeling skills are some of the most widely used skills in data science.

Mathematics and statistics are needed when the business conditions don’t require a specific event, and there is no past behavior to drive the training of a supervised model. The learning process is based on discovering previously unknown patterns in the data set (known as unsupervised modeling). There is no target variable and the main goal is to raise some insights to help companies understand customers and business scenarios.
Data scientists need mathematics and statistics in the field of optimization. This refers to models aiming to find an optimal solution for a problem when constraints and resources exist. An objective function describes the possible solution, which involves the use of limited resources according to some constraints. Mathematics and statistics are also needed in the field of forecasting that is comprised of models to estimate future values in time series data. Based on past values over time, sales, or consumption, it is possible to estimate the future values according to the past behavior. Finally, mathematics and statistics are needed in the field of econometrics that applies statistical models to economic data, usually panel data or longitudinal data, to highlight empirical outcomes to economic relationships. These models are used to evaluate and develop econometric methods.
Mathematics and statistics are needed in the field of text mining. This is a very important field of analytics, particularly nowadays, because most of the data available is unstructured. Imagine all the social media applications, media content, books, articles, and news. There is a huge amount of information in unstructured, formatted data. Analyzing this type of data allows data scientists to infer correlations about topics, identify possible clusters of contents, search specific terms, and much more. Recognizing the sentiments of customers through text data on social media is a very hot topic called sentiment analysis.

## 统计代写|统计与机器学习作业代写Statistical and Machine Learning代考|Computer Science

The volume of available data today is unprecedented. And most important, the more information about a problem or scenario that is used, the more likely a good model is produced. Due to this data volume, data scientists do not develop models by hand. They need to have computer science skills to develop code, extract, prepare, transform, merge and store data, assess model results, and deploy models in production. All these steps are performed in digital environments. For example, with a tremendous increase in popularity, cloud-based computing is often used to capture data, create models, and deploy them into production environments.
At some point, data scientists need to know how to create and deploy models into the cloud and use containers or other technologies to allow them to port models to places where they are needed. Think about image recognition models using traffic cameras. It is not possible to capture the data and stream it from the camera to a central repository, train a model, and send it back to the camera to score an image. There are thousands of images being captured every second, and this data transfer would make the solution infeasible. The solution is to train the model based on a sample of data and export the model to the device itself, the camera. As the camera captures the images, the model scores and recognizes the image in real time. All these technologies are important to solve the problem. It is much more than just the analytical models, but it involves a series of processes to capture and process data, train models, generalize solutions, and deploy the results where they need to be. Image recognition models show the usefulness of containers, which packages up software code and all its dependencies so that the application runs quickly and reliably from one computing environment to another.

With today’s challenges, data scientists need to have strong computer science skills to deploy the model in different environments, by using distinct frameworks, languages, and storage. Sometimes it is necessary to create programs to capture data or even to expose outcomes. Programming and scripting languages are very important to accomplish these steps. There are several packages that enable data scientists to train supervised and unsupervised models, create forecasting and optimization models, or perform text analytics. New machine learning solutions to develop very complex models are created and released frequently, and to be up to date with new technologies, data scientists need to understand and use these all these new solutions.

## 广义线性模型代考

statistics-lab作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。